Nuclear Bombs - ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW !

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Nuclear bombs are weapons of mass destruction. They harness the forces that hold the nucleus of an atom together by using the energy released when the particles of the nucleus (neutrons and protons) are either split or merged.



Types of Nuclear Energy

Nuclear Fusion - Two smaller atoms are brought together, usually hydrogen or hydrogen isotopes (deuterium, tritium), to form a larger one (helium isotopes); this is how the sun produces energy.

Nuclear Fission -  The nucleus of an atom is split into two smaller fragments by a neutron. This method usually involves isotopes of uranium (uranium-235, uranium-233) or plutonium (plutonium-239).

The Atomic Bomb

Nuclear fission produces the atomic bomb, a weapon of mass destruction that uses power released by the splitting of atomic nuclei.

When a single free neutron strikes the nucleus of an atom of radioactive material like uranium or plutonium, it knocks two or three more neutrons free. Energy is released when those neutrons split off from the nucleus, and the newly released neutrons strike other uranium or plutonium nuclei, splitting them in the same way, releasing more energy and more neutrons. That chain reaction is almost
instantaneous.








Atomic weapons used in WW2

Hiroshima Bomb

The Hiroshima bomb was called the "Little Boy" because of its long and thin shape. The material used was uranium-235. It is believed that the fission of uranium-235, which weighs less than a kilogram, released about 15,000 tons (15 Kilotons) of energy equivalent to TNT.

Nagasaki Bomb

The bomb in Nagasaki were rounder and thicker than those used in Hiroshima. It was called "Fat Man". The material used was plutonium-239. It is believed that the fission of plutonium-239, which is just over 1 kilogram, released about 21,000 tons (21 Kilotons) of destructive energy equivalent to TNT.


The Hydrogen Bomb

Nuclear fusion is a reaction that releases atomic energy by the union of light nuclei at high temperatures to form heavier atoms. Hydrogen bombs, which use nuclear fusion, have higher destructive power and greater efficiencies than atomic bomb

Due to the high temperatures required to initiate a nuclear fusion reaction, the process is often referred to as a thermonuclear explosion. This is typically done with the isotopes of hydrogen (Deuterium and Tritium) which fuse together to form Helium atoms. This led to the term `Hydrogen Bomb` to describe the Deuterium-Tritium fusion bomb.

The first hydrogen bomb was exploded on 1st November, 1952 at the small island of Eniwetok in the Marshall Islands. Its destructive power was several megatons of TNT. The blast produced a light brighter than a thousand suns and a heatwave felt 50 kilometres away. The Soviet Union detonated a hydrogen bomb in the megaton range in August 1953. The US exploded a 15000000 ton (15 Megatons) hydrogen bomb on 1st March, 1954. There was a fireball 3 miles (4.8 km) in diameter, creating a giant mushroom-shaped cloud.

10 Most Powerful Nuclear bombs of all time

1. Tsar Bomba (50 Megatons) by Russia
2. B41 (25 Megatons) by USA
3. TX-21 aka Castle Bravo (15 Megatons) by USA
4. Mk-17 (10 to 15 Megatons) by USA
5. Mk-24 (10 to 15 Megatons) by USA
6. "Ivy Mike" H-Bomb (10.5 Megatons) by USA
7. Mk-36 (10 Megatons) by USA
8. B53 (9 Megatons) by USA
9. Mk-16 (7 Megatons) by USA
10. Mk-14 (6.9 Megatons) by USA

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